Periscope for submarine and submersible craft.



' B. ROSBNBAUM., PERISOQPE FOR SUBMARINE AND SUBMERSIBLE CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1913. 7

1,1 10,827. Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

BEDRICH ROSENBAUM, F DUMBARTON, SCOT LAND.

PERISCOPE FOR S UBMARINE BAND SUBMERSIBLE CRAFT.

- Specification ,of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1L5, 19114.

Application filed June 17, 1913. Serial No. 774,099. v

' v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BEDRICH RosENnAuM,

- a' subject .of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary,lresiding at Duinbarton, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Periscopes for Submarine and Submersible Craft, of which the following is a specification.

] 1 glass cap or cover entirely and 1 cause the.

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" [,bfroken.

Periscopes for under-water craft are, at present, generally made either with a single tube which is fitted slidably in a guide support on the shell of the boat 'and packed tightly against ingress of water by a stufling box and gland, or with two tubes, an inner tube or periscopeproper carrying the lens (or lenses) and reflecting prism, and an outer protecting tube, the tubes being capable of sliding telescopically within the guide support which is provided with a stufling gland to insure water tightness. In the first case the periscope is difficult to rotate owing to the friction of the packing in the stuffing box, and, in the second case, while the periscope can be easily rotated, the upper end of the outer tube is provided with a glass cap or cover which is not only ex pensive to make but is a t to distort or rect the rays of light and is also easily Under my invention I dispense with the head only of the periscope tube to project beyondthe outer protectin tube and Iprovide a watertight oint at the top of the protecting tube, said joint being, preferably, so arranged that when the 'head of the periscope is above the ,jvate'r the joint is relaxed either automatically or otherwise so that the inner tube can be easily-rotated, while, when the periscope is submerged, the joint is tightened either automatically or otherwise so as to prevent ingress of water. This joint can be made in various ways.

In order. that my invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto appended an explanatory slieetlof drawings which shows 2. periscope constructed in accordance with my invention. p

Figure 1 represents, in sectional elevation, one mode of constructing" the periscope.

:Figs. 2 to 4"represe'nt, in sectional elevation,

other modes of construction.

' In the construction shown at Fig. 1, the

inner periscope tube a is provided with a a short distance beyondthe upper end of the outer protecting tube 6, which outer tube is shdably mounted in a guide support f, provided with a stuffing gland g and piston '74 with packing lzto insure watertightness. Between the headpiece and the outer tube there is a special form of joint which (in this figure) takes the form of a rubber sleeve Z". having a thickened and tapered oif part 70 at its lower end. This sleeve is arranged.

concentric with and outside of the outer tube and, atits upper end, it is secured to the headpiece means of an inner flange on it whichfiange is held tightly between an externalcollar l on the headpiece and an inner flange on a protecting guard or cover 7", this guard being screwed on the headpiece. The lower end of the sleeve 7c is so arranged as to rest lightly against the surface of the outer tube. The periseope tube a passes down the center of the protecting tube 6 without contacting with the same and, at its lower end,

rests on ball bearings 2) while, at its upper end, it is held in position, by the rubber sleeve in. I

The construction is such that when the periscope is submerged, the pressure of the water acts on the sleeve 70 and causes its part k to tightly embrace the outer tube therebyefl'ecting a Water-tight closure, while, when the headof the eriscope is above the water,

the sleeve automatically relaxes its. grip so that the inner tube can be very easily turned as there is practically no friction between the part is and the tube This feature of easy rotation is a matter of considerable importance. Another important feature is that vibrations transmitted to the protecting tube e from the support 7 are not transmitted'to the periscope but are cushioned or damped by the interposedrubber sleeve is.

' If so desired, in con unction with the'sleeve joint aforesaid, there may be a second joint 1 between the inner and outer tubes. To this end the collar Z may be provided with a rubber, leather, or other annular seating m which is capable of being pressed on '01 against the upper end of the outer tube in such manner as'to form a tight joint. Th'1s pressure can be eifected by a relative movement between the inner and outer tubes produced automatically, by motive mechanism, or by means of a screwed ring or other device manipulated by hand. The arransemerit may, as shown at Fig. 1, be such that when the periscope is above water the inner tube can be raised relatively with the outer tube by turning the screwed ring 9 so as to open the joint between the tube e and ring m, thereby enabling the periscope to be easily turned, while when the periscope is submerged the ring 9 can be turned so as to lower the seating m on to the tube 0, against which it can be tightly held by gravity or otherwise.

For additional security in' case the perisco e or its protecting tube may be'broken or amaged to such extent as to admit water a double valve arrangement can be provided at the lower end of the periscope. This ar rangement comprises a cone '0 formed on the tube a and adapted to seat against the upper edge of an inner flange v on the lower end of the protectin tube 6 and a collar 40 on the periscope tu e, provided with; a rubber or leather face 'w adapted to seat against the lower side of the flange '0 The space I between the top of the tube eand the ring m is less than that between '20 and '0 .a; is an additional collar on the tube a and at the underside of the flange g, of ring g. Now, should the top of the eriscope be broken off the ring 9 can be turned by hand and no matter which way it is turned a closure is eflected either between 'v and v or between wand 4, The collar a: insures a positive downward movement of thevalve "v (on turning the ring should theweight on the tube a not be su cient. f

In the construction shown at Fig. 2 the rubber sleeve 70 is secured to the outer tube.

e and its part It bears on and can be closed bythe water pressure, tightlyagainstthe' periscope tube a; The guard j is screwed at its lower end to the part c of the tube and an internal shoulder 7' on it pinches the lower endof the sleeve tightly against this part e The upper end of 'the guard may,

have an'annular rubber orother' soft seating m' on which the annular knife edge n, on a collar n of theperiscope tube can seat tightly when this tube is moved downward.

As shown at Fig. 3, the sleevejoint may lie-dispensed with the water-tight closure. being simply effected by ,lowering the inner tube a. so that the annularring m of flexible material, ,in a recess in the collar Z of the headpiece b, will engage with the top ofthe. outer tube e and in so doing form a tight joint. While I may use thls simple-joint alone I always prefer touse it in combination with the sleeve joint.

In the construction shown at Fig. 4 a short sleeve or ring lcof rubber or other suitable flexible material is adapted to automatically close againstthe upper surface of a flange 0 on the tube 0 when the periscope is submerged and the pressure of water forces the ring tightly against said flange so that outer t means of a collar Z and screw nut it. When the inner tube is raised there is no frictional contact between lc and 0, so that the periscope can be easily turned. The part of .the.ring is made broad and tapered to in- IL A periscope having, in'combination, a

verticallyadjustable outer protecting tube,-

an inner periscope tube having the head only thereof arrangedto project beyond the outer tube, and a watertight joint between said tubes. v

2. A periscope having, in combination, a vertically adjustable outer protecting tube, an inner rotatable tube having the head only thereof arranged to project beyond the outer tube, and a water tight joint between said tubes and at the top of the outer tube.

3. A periscope having, in combination, an

inner periscope tube, an outer tube and a joint between the tubes which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head ofthe periscope. isout of the Waterman be. relieved.

4. A geriscopehaving, in combination, an

cal parts and the head of. which projects beyond the inner tube and ajoint lbetween the-inner ando'i'itei' Itubes which, when the e, an inner tube carrying the optij eriscoper is under water, can be tightened and, whenfthehead ofth'e periscope is out of the ;wate r, can be relieved. 7

5. A periscope having, in combination, an outer tube,.an inner, tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond thein'nertube and a'fiexible joint between the'inner'and outer. tubeswhich, when the j periscopejis iinderjwater, can be tightened:

and when. the head periscope. is out oft e water, can be. reheved.

6. A periscopehaving,incombiriation, innersperiscope tube, an outer tube and-i1.- joint between the. tubes which, when the periscope is under water,- can be automatically'tightened and, when the head .of the periscope is outof the water, can be relieved.

-7. A periscopehaving, in combination, an inner periscope tube, an outer tube and a flexible joint between the tubes which when the periscope is under water, can be tlght ened and, when the head of theperiscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

8. A periscope having, in combinatlon, an

inner periscope tube, an' outer tube and a 60 tube relatively-with the outer tube and the A rubber joint between the tubes which, when the pel'lscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

'9. A periscope having, in combination, an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projectsbeyond the outer tube and a sleev'ejoint between the inner and outer tubes which,when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of thewater, can be relieved.

10. A periscope having, in combination, a vertically adjustable outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube and a rubber sleeve joint between the inner and Outer tubes which, when the periscope is under water, can betightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

11. A periscope having, in combination, an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube and a sleeve joint between the inner and outer tubes which, when the periscope is under water, is. automatically tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the water, is

automatically relieved. 12. A periscope having, in combination, an inner eriscope tube, an outer tube and a double joint between the tubes which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

13. A periscope having, in combination, an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube, a joint between the inner and the outer tubes,.and a .secondjoint between the inner and outer tubes outside of the first joint.-

14. A periscope having, in combination,-

an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the op- ,tical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube, a joint between the inner and the outer tubes and asecond joint between the inner and outertubes outside of the first joint, both joints being capable of being relieved when the head of the peri-' scope is out of the water.

15. A periscope having, .in combination,

anoutertube, an inner tube carryingthe op-v tical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube, ajoint between the inner and the outer tubes; and a second joint between the inner and outer tubes outside of the first joint the inner joint being capable of relaxation by a movement of the inner outer joint being capable of automatic relaxation.

-ticalparts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube, a joint between the inner and the outer tubes and a secondjoint between the inner and outer tubes outside of the first joint the inner joint being capable of relaxation by a movement of the inner tube relatively with the outer tube pro duced by mechanical means andthe outer joint being capable of automatic relaxation.

17.'A periscope having, in combination, an inner periscope tube, an outer tube concentric of the inner tube, means on the outer tube for rotatably supporting the lower end of the inner tube and a joint between the tubes which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head of the 'periscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

18.,A periscope having, in combination, an inner periscope tube, an outer tube con centric of the inner tube, adjustable means on the outer tube for rotatably supporting the lower end of the inner tube and a joint between the tubes which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the-head of the periscope is out of the water, can be relieved.

19. A periscope having, in combination, an inner periscope tube, an outer tube concentric of the inner tube, ball bearing means on the outer tube for rotatably supporting the lower end of the inner tubeand a joint between the tubes'which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the wa- 10 ter, can be relieved. r

20. A periscope having, in combination,

an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects. beyond the outer tube and a sleeve joint between the inner and outer tubes which,when the periscope is under water. can be tightened and, when the head of the periscope is out of the'water, can be relieved and a guard to protect said sleeve.

21. A periscope having, in combination, an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube and a flexible sleeve made, at one end thereof, with a thickened and tapered part which bears against one tube the sleeve being secured at its opposite end to the other tube.

22. A periscope having, incombination, an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which projects beyond the outer tube and *a rubber sleeve secured to the one tube and extend- -ing concentrically of the other tube the sleeve being made withan inwardly pro optical parts and the head-of which projects beyond the outer tube and a rubber sleeve secured to the one tube and extending concentrically of the other tube the sleeve beinglm'ade with an inwardly pro'ecting and tapering portion which bridges t e' gap between the two tubes and effects a closure.

24. A periscope having, in combination,

' an outer tube, an inner tube carrying the optical parts and the head of which rojects beyond the outer tube and a ru ber sleeve removably secured to the one vtube and exte andlingconcentrically of the other tube the sleeve being made with an inwardly projecting portion which bridges the gap between the two tubes and efiects a closure.

25. A periscope having, in combination,

' an'inner Periscope tube, an outer tube and a joint between the tubes whiclris slidably arranged and which, when the periscope is under water, can be tightened and, when thethead of-the .periseope is out of the water, can be relieved. I a

2.6. A *periscope having, in combination, an inner periscope tube, an outer tube and a joint between the tubes which is slidably vand rotaltably arranged-and which, when whereby thejvalve at the lower end of the inner tube can be closed.

A periscope having, in combination, an ln'nerperiscope tube with a conical valve at the lower end-thereof, an outer Periscope Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cent tube with a seating at the lower end the f, a joint betweenthe tubes which, when\, he periscope is under Water, can be tightened and when the head of the periscope is out 29. A periscope having, infcombination, an inner periscope tube with a double valve tube with a valve seating against which the double valve is adapted to close, means for closing the valve, a joint between the tubes which, when the eriscope is under water, can be tightened and when the head of the perisoope is out of the water can be relieved and means whereby the valve at the lower end of the inner tube can be closed.

30. A periscope having, in combination, an outer protecting tube, an inner periscope tube having the head only thereofarran ed to project beyond the outer tube, an a watertight joint between 'saidtubes, both said tubes being capable of vertical adjustment.

'31. A periscope an outer protecting tube, an inner periscope tube having the head only thereof arranged to project be end the outer tube, and .a watertight joint between said tubes, both said tubes being capable of vertical adjustment and the inner tube beingcapable also of an independent vertical and angular adjustment. a a

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BEDRICH ROSENBAU'M. Witnesses: I

STANLEY DUNIDP, CECIL C. GALL."

5 each, by addressing the Commissioner of Batents,

Washington, D. 0.

having, in combination,

of the water can be relieved and means whereby the valve at the lower end of the' inner tube can be closed against its seatin at the lower end thereof, an outer periscope 

